Answer to Cardiac question & Atheroma

(i) Identify on the image the two locations where the cardiac artery shows narrowing. [ 2 ]

Image

(ii) State the physical cause of atheroma.

build up of cholesterol / fatty build up on arterial wall / plaque or AVP; do not allow "clogged up arteries" or "narrowed arteries" or similar

[ 1 ]

(iii) In the space below, draw and label a simple diagram to describe the appearance of an atheroma.

Suitable diagram needed

[ 3 ]

(iv) List three factors that can lead to a person suffering narrowed coronary arteries.

3 of:

congenital heart disease / genetic cause; high cholesterol level [in blood]; smoking; high blood pressure / hypertension; diabetes mellitus; obesity; age; gender; lack of exercise [ 3 ]

(v) Describe and Explain two symptoms that a person would experience when they are suffering atheroma.

2 from:

Symptom

chest pains / angina;

Explanation

heart under stress / heart muscle contraction etc., / heart receiving insufficient oxygen

Symptom

tiredness; slow mental activity; shortness of breath;

Explanation

blood supply / circulation less efficient; oxygen delivery /carbon dioxide release less efficient; oxygen not picked up from lungs so efficiently; brain needs excellent oxygen soppy; AVP [ 4 ]

[ Total: 13 ]