Transport Systems and Photosynthesis Quiz

Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient using energy, whereas diffusion is a passive process where substances move from a high to a low concentration without using energy.

Transporting sugars (mainly sucrose) from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Supporting the plant’s structure.

The left side pumps oxygenated blood around the entire body, requiring more force, whereas the right side only pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Stomata open to allow gas exchange for photosynthesis but close to reduce water loss through transpiration.

Transpiration is the loss of water vapour from plant leaves. It is important because it helps draw water up through the xylem, cooling the plant and transporting minerals.

Alveoli provide a large surface area for efficient gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to be removed.

Oxygen binds to haemoglobin in red blood cells, forming oxyhaemoglobin, which is transported around the body and released where needed.

Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen (in the presence of light and chlorophyll).

As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis also increases, up to a point where another factor (e.g., CO₂ or temperature) becomes limiting.

White blood cells help fight infections by producing antibodies, engulfing pathogens, and releasing antitoxins.