G
Gas One of the three states of matter. In a gas, the particles are a long way apart and are able to move freely. The particles bounce off each other and off the walls of the container. A gas cannot hold its own shape and will fill any container in which it is put.
Glass It is made from sodium carbonate, limestone and sand. Other materials can be added to give the glass special properties.
Global dimming There is some evidence that the production of particulates during the combustion of fossil fuels is causing the sun's rays to be reflected away from the Earth.
Global warming Many people are worried that the average temperature of the Earth is increasing. Some scientists believe that this is nothing to worry about because the Earth's average temperature has always been changing both up and down. Other scientists are very worried because they believe that the temperature is rising too fast and will not go down again after a time.
If global warming becomes serious, the sea levels will rise (as more ice melts at the North and South Poles. There wil be climate change too (because the wind and sea currents will change).
Grain This is a tiny piece of rock. They are usually rounded because they have been greatly weathered.
Granite This is an igneous rock that has large crystals. It has formed slowly as the molten rock (magma) cooled inside other rock. Compare it wirth basalt.
Greenhouse effect and greenhouse gas The Sun's energy is trapped by the Earth's atmosphere. It is said to be a contributor to global warming. Many gases can cause global warming but carbon dioxide and methane are the most talked about. If people use a lot of energy that has been provided by burning fuels, they are responsible for releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
In recent years, the term "carbon footprint" has been used to try to help people understand that we all have a share in this problem.
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