Forces Quiz

A scalar quantity only has magnitude (size), such as mass or temperature. A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction, such as force, velocity, or displacement.

Hooke’s Law states that the extension of an elastic material is directly proportional to the force applied, provided the limit of proportionality is not exceeded. Mathematically, $F = k \times x$, where F is the force, k is the spring constant, and x is the extension.

Moment = Force × Distance from pivot (M = F × d)

Levers make work easier by allowing a smaller force to move a larger load, by increasing the distance over which the force is applied. This is achieved by using a fulcrum to change the direction of the force.

The unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), which is equivalent to one newton per square metre (N/m²).

Speed is a scalar quantity that measures how fast an object is moving, without regard to direction. Velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and the direction of motion.

The speed can be calculated from a distance-time graph by finding the gradient (slope) of the line, which represents the rate of change of distance with respect to time.

The area under a velocity-time graph represents the distance travelled by an object.

Newton’s First Law of Motion states that an object will remain at rest or move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a resultant external force.

Momentum is the product of an object’s mass and velocity. It is calculated using the formula $p = m \times v$, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.